Impact of Energetic Electron Precipitation on the Upper Atmosphere: Nitric Monoxide
نویسندگان
چکیده
Received: October 20, 2016 Revised: March 07, 2017 Accepted: March 11, 2017 Abstract: Background: Nitric oxide concentration in the upper atmosphere is known to be highly dependent on the solar activity. It can be transported to the stratosphere by the atmospheric circulation. In the stratosphere it is responsible for the destruction of ozone and consequently stratospheric heating rates are affected. This is one of the mechanisms by which solar variability has been suspected to drive variability in the energetic budget of the Earth climate. Therefore, it is essential to know every physical and chemical processes leading to the production or to a destruction of nitric oxide.
منابع مشابه
Secondary electron emission from meteoric smoke particles inside the polar ionosphere
The charging by secondary electron emission (SEE) from particles is known as a significant charging process in astrophysical plasmas. This work aims at evaluating the significance of SEE for charging of meteoric smoke particles (MSPs) in the Earth’s polar atmosphere. Here, the atmosphere is subject to a bombardment of energetic electrons from the magnetosphere (and partly the sun). We employ th...
متن کاملEnergetic Electrons Precipitating at High Latitudes: PEEL Data from HotPay-2 Mission
The instrument PEEL recorded low flux of precipitating energetic electrons during the flight of the HotPay-2 sounding rocket launched from Andoya Rocket Range (Lat. 69°.18’N, Long. 16°.01’E) on 31-JAN-2008 at 19:14:00 UT. After the brief description of the instrument, its possibilities and limitations to measure energetic electron flux in the upper atmosphere, the profile of counting rate obtai...
متن کاملSimulation of Energetic Particle Precipitation Effects During the 2003-2004 Arctic Winter
Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) during the 2003–2004 Arctic winter led to the production and subsequent transport of reactive odd nitrogen (NOx =NO+NO2) from the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) into the stratosphere. This caused NOx enhancements in the polar upper stratosphere in April 2004 that were unprecedented in the satellite record. Simulations of the 2003–2004 Arctic winte...
متن کاملThe response of the middle atmosphere to energetic particle precipitation
Accurate representation of odd-nitrogen species (NOx) in the winter polar middle atmosphere is an important factor in correctly predicting ozone in the upper stratosphere. The concentration of NOx depends on several factors, including the state of stratospheric winds, the strength of diffusive transport near the mesopause, and the deposition of energetic particles in the mesosphere and the lowe...
متن کاملEnergetic particle precipitation into the middle atmosphere triggered by a coronal mass ejection
[1] Precipitation of relativistic electrons into the atmosphere has been suggested as the primary loss mechanism for radiation belt electrons during large geomagnetic storms. Here we investigate the geographical spread of precipitation as a result of the arrival of a coronal mass ejection (CME) on 21 January 2005. In contrast to previous statistical studies we provide one of the first attempts ...
متن کامل